Inside Qilin ransomware: ESXi attacks, affiliate networks and double extortion
Qilin, also known as Agenda, is a Russian-speaking ransomware-as-a-service (RaaS) operation that first appeared in 2022.













Darrel is a cybersecurity professional with hands-on experience in threat research. He began his career training in malware analysis and reverse engineering at Trend Micro. He later specialized in threat hunting, contributing to the discovery of emerging ransomware threats and monitoring ransomware groups, identifying open-source red team tools, developing threat hunting queries, and publishing research blogs. Darrell joined Acronis to continue his work and further develop his career in threat research.
Qilin, also known as Agenda, is a Russian-speaking ransomware-as-a-service (RaaS) operation that first appeared in 2022.
The Gentlemen uses a double-extortion model. In addition to encrypting files, the ransomware can exfiltrate data from compromised systems. This puts additional pressure on victims to pay the ransom to restore access to their files and prevent the stolen data from being publicly leaked.
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Acronis TRU has identified hundreds of GitHub repositories delivering malware to video gamers under the guise of "free game cheats," spanning numerous campaigns across virtually every major online game title.
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Acronis Threat Research Unit (TRU) analyzed DragonForce, a Conti-derived ransomware-as-a-service active since 2023, documenting its malware, affiliate model and links to Scattered Spider.